💊 Medications & Monitoring

Understanding your medications and monitoring requirements is crucial for managing kidney disease. This guide covers common CKD medications, lab monitoring, and important safety guidelines.

⚠️ Important Safety Notice

Never stop taking your medications without talking to your doctor first.

Stopping medications suddenly can be dangerous and may cause your kidney function to decline rapidly.

Always discuss any concerns about side effects or medication changes with your healthcare team.

Common CKD Medications

🩸 Blood Pressure Medications

ACE Inhibitors & ARBs

These medications protect your kidneys by reducing protein in your urine and lowering blood pressure.

Examples: Lisinopril, Enalapril, Losartan, Valsartan

Purpose: Protect kidneys, lower blood pressure

Side effects to watch: Dry cough, dizziness, high potassium

Diuretics (Water Pills)

Help your body remove excess fluid and salt, reducing swelling and blood pressure.

Examples: Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide

Purpose: Remove excess fluid, lower blood pressure

Side effects to watch: Frequent urination, dehydration, low potassium

🦴 Bone & Mineral Medications

Phosphorus Binders

Help control high phosphorus levels by binding to phosphorus in your food.

Examples: Calcium carbonate, Sevelamer, Lanthanum

Purpose: Lower phosphorus levels

Side effects to watch: Constipation, nausea, stomach upset

Vitamin D Supplements

Help your body absorb calcium and maintain healthy bones.

Examples: Calcitriol, Ergocalciferol

Purpose: Bone health, calcium absorption

Side effects to watch: High calcium levels, nausea

🩸 Anemia Medications

EPO (Erythropoietin)

Helps your body make red blood cells to treat anemia caused by kidney disease.

Examples: Epoetin alfa, Darbepoetin

Purpose: Treat anemia, increase energy

Side effects to watch: High blood pressure, blood clots

Iron Supplements

Help build red blood cells and treat iron deficiency anemia.

Examples: Ferrous sulfate, Iron sucrose

Purpose: Treat iron deficiency anemia

Side effects to watch: Constipation, dark stools, stomach upset

🧪 Other Important Medications

Sodium Bicarbonate

Helps control acid levels in your blood when kidneys can't remove acid properly.

Purpose: Control acid levels

Side effects to watch: Stomach upset, fluid retention

Statins

Lower cholesterol and protect your heart, which is especially important with kidney disease.

Purpose: Lower cholesterol, protect heart

Side effects to watch: Muscle pain, liver problems

Lab Monitoring: What to Track

Regular lab monitoring helps your doctor track your kidney function and adjust medications as needed. Here are the key tests and what they mean:

Kidney Function Tests

eGFR

Measures how well your kidneys filter waste. Normal: 90+ mL/min

Creatinine

Waste product that builds up when kidneys aren't working well

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)

Another waste product that increases with kidney disease

Mineral & Electrolyte Tests

Potassium

High levels can cause heart problems. Normal: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Phosphorus

High levels can damage bones. Normal: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL

Calcium

Important for bone health. Normal: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL

Blood Cell Tests

Hemoglobin

Measures red blood cells. Low levels indicate anemia

Hematocrit

Percentage of blood that is red blood cells

Iron Studies

Check iron levels to treat anemia

Other Important Tests

UACR

Measures protein in urine. Normal: <30 mg/g

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)

Controls calcium and phosphorus levels

Cholesterol

Important for heart health with kidney disease

Medication Safety Guidelines

🚫 What NOT to Do

  • Never stop medications without talking to your doctor
  • Don't skip doses - take medications exactly as prescribed
  • Avoid over-the-counter medications without checking with your doctor
  • Don't double up if you miss a dose - ask your doctor what to do
  • Never share medications with others
  • Don't store medications in hot or humid places

✅ What TO Do

  • Take medications exactly as prescribed
  • Keep a medication list and bring it to all appointments
  • Report side effects to your doctor immediately
  • Ask questions about any new medications
  • Use a pill organizer to avoid missing doses
  • Store medications in a cool, dry place

Side Effects to Watch For

⚠️ Call Your Doctor Immediately If You Experience:

Serious Side Effects

  • • Chest pain or pressure
  • • Difficulty breathing
  • • Severe dizziness or fainting
  • • Swelling in face, lips, or throat
  • • Severe muscle pain or weakness
  • • Unusual bleeding or bruising

Kidney-Related Symptoms

  • • Sudden weight gain
  • • Swelling in legs, feet, or hands
  • • Changes in urination patterns
  • • Fatigue or weakness
  • • Nausea or vomiting
  • • Itching or rash

Key Takeaways

  • Never stop medications without talking to your doctor first
  • Track your lab results regularly to monitor kidney function
  • Report side effects immediately to your healthcare team
  • Keep a medication list and bring it to all appointments
  • Ask questions about any new medications or changes
  • Regular monitoring is crucial for managing kidney disease

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✅ Last reviewed on: July 2025